The Charge Coupled Device (CCD) used in CCD cameras was invented in 1969 at AT&T Bell Labs during their exploration of the picture phone. Once reserved for use by astronomical observers like NASA and professional photographers, the CCD has evolved over the decades to become the rage of most amateurs seeking professional quality images.

CCDs are highly light sensitive chips containing pixels that, when exposed, collide with photons to create an electrical charge. Chips with charged pixels are activated via light in the exposure process, yielding images. Unlike film, CCDs produce brighter, clearer images that can be viewed on your computer immediately vs. the darkroom processing that film requires.

CCD cameras are more versatile in varied lighting conditions, a real plus for a CCD security camera and videocams. Today, CCD camera manufacturers incorporate CCDs in all photographic equipment that produce digital images including digital CCD cameras, CCD camcorders, webcams, optical scanners, CCD security cameras, intraoral dental and mammography x-ray systems, astronomical and security cameras.

Special considerations when purchasing a CCD camera:

1. When deciding to buy a CCD camera or CCD video camera, seriously consider its use. Some CCD cameras may require additional equipment. In the case of astrophotography, CCD camera manufacturers often suggest a telescope and a sturdy mount to compensate for vibrations and breezes that could degrade your shot.

2. Since CCD cameras use large amounts of energy, many CCD manufacturers recommend cooling features for astrophotography or other types of photography that require long exposure times, to eliminate heat build-up on the chip.

3. Your CCD camera suppliers can make your selection and pricing decisions hassle-free if you are specific about use. CCD camera manufacturers offer prices for digital CCD cameras that range from the low $100s for amateur cameras and video recorders, to thousands for high end and 3CCD (which produces strong color integrity), astronomical, industrial and medical equipment.

Action Steps
The best contacts and resources to help you get it done

Determine your budget, how you will use your CCD camera, and search digital camera comparison sites

There are numerous resources online for finding and comparing various models of CCD cameras.

I recommend: For amateur photographers interested in top quality digital photos and quick viewing, take a look at the top digital camera brands like Canon, Kodak, and Nikon (available at Digital Camera HQ). Also check out CNET and NexTaq for comparison shopping.

Astronomical camera buffs: build your own CCD camera

Research how to go about building your own CCD camera.

I recommend: Back in the early 2000s a book was written for folks turned off by the price of CCD cameras and video equipment. The CCD Camera Cookbook, available at Willmann-Bell, was written for serious astrophotographers. Prices have gone down since, but camera hobbyists may find building their own astronomical CCD camera a true challenge. Detailed information about astronomical photography can be found at Go-Astronomy.com. The site provides a wide range of CCD cameras and great resources.

Find CCD cameras for security purposes from a reputable CCD camera supplier

Security CCD cameras provide the best visibility in varied lighting situations, so they make the best choice for security surveillance both indoors and outside.

I recommend: NexTag, BuyerZone (where you will find customized selections of CCD video surveillance and supplier referral services for business customers only) and Smarter.com

Tips & Tactics

Helpful advice for making the most of this Guide

• •  CCD technology offers the best value and quality for your money, however make sure you are buying a camera with all the features you need, as CCD cameras vary in complexity.