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Irwin Speizer

Guide to 401(k) Plans for Small Business

These defined contribution retirement plans aren't just for big corporations

By Irwin Speizer, Freelance Writer

One of the most powerful perks you can offer your employees is a pension plan, and one of the most popular types is the 401(k). Named after an IRS code section, the 401(k) allows your employees to fund their own retirement through pre-tax contributions. If you can afford it, you can provide matching contributions. Both you and your employees get a tax break for contributing. A good 401(k) plan can:
  1. Help you attract top talent.
  2. Allow employees a large measure of control over their retirement plans.
  3. Give employees the option of participating or not.
  4. Provide your employees a retirement plan at far less cost to you than a traditional pension.

Action Steps
The best contacts and resources to help you get it done


Decide what type of 401(k) you will use

The cheapest is a plan in which you don't match your employees' contributions. If you choose to contribute, you need to decide how much and in what fashion. You can contribute a set percentage along with your employees. You can make your contribution a bonus paid annually. You can use the contribution as part of a profit-sharing program. Whatever method you choose, participation by your employees needs to be voluntary.
I recommend: For an overview of plans, see the Business Owner's Toolkit discussion of 401(k) plans. Also review the 401(k) plan requirements. For a comparison of different types of small business retirement plans, check out Wells Fargo.

Get familiar with plan providers

Because 401(k) plans are complex, most companies hire a plan administrator to run their programs. Banks, brokerage houses and other financial services companies offer 401(k) plan services. But even the biggest banks typically use another outside vendor. You can buy directly from some of the same vendors. In addition, some offer more hands-on 401(k) software, usually at reduced costs.
I recommend: One of the major providers of plans for business is ADP Retirement Services, which has partnering agreements with some of the nation's largest financial services firms, including Bank of America, Merrill Lynch and AIG SunAmerica. PAI offers a range of plans for small business. One company that offers self-run plans is 401(k) Easy.

Compare plan options and providers

When shopping for a plan, compare both prices and services. If you have only a few employees, you probably don't need an expensive plan with lots of options. You want to make sure the plan is both affordable and adequate for your needs. If you decide to use a self-run software plan, you should take it for a test drive to be sure you're comfortable running it.
I recommend: Several companies list their services and fees online. BuyerZone provides links to a range of providers and plans. Both Wachovia and 401(k) Easy offer plan descriptions and prices on their Web sites. ShareBuilder offers online quotes for plans based on your number of employees and location.

Know what you're getting before you buy

There's lots of fine print in even the most basic 401(k) plan. Make sure you understand what you're getting and how much it will cost before you buy. Starting over can be a real headache.
I recommend: Use this 401(k) Buyers Guide from BuyerZone to help you evaluate plans and offerings.

Tips & Tactics
Helpful advice for making the most of this Guide

  • Even do-it-yourself software plans should offer help lines and backup assistance in managing your plan.
  • Watch out for hidden costs and fees, particularly investment transaction fees that can eat into your employees' savings.
  • Ask other small business owners and your own accountants and lawyers for recommendations on 401(k) plans. Your best advice might come from someone you already know or work with.
  • Don't forget about your own retirement. You can participate in your company 401(k). Even if you don't currently have employees, you can set up a 401(k) for yourself.

The official source of 401(k) Plans for Small Business is the 401(k) Plans page at Business.com

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Recommended Solution Providers

Buyerzone.com
Site which provides articles and quotes from 401K providers.

401K Plan Online Retirement Guide
Information for employers and employees about 401k Retirement Plans and Rollovers

ADP Retirement Services
Combines leading providers of investment and trustee services with unsurpassed recordkeeping capabilities to create a seamless retirement plan solution.

401kExchange.com Inc
Objective online 401(k) industry exchange and due diligence service, specifically created for the benefit of 401(k) Plan Sponsors, Employers, Retirement Advisors and Service Providers.

Pension Dynamics Corporation
401(k) and Pension Plan Administration, flexible benefit plans, employee benefits, and compliance testing.

Sharebuilder: 401K Wizard
Helps companies find the right plan for employees.

Fidelity: 410k Management
Helps companies manage 410k funds.

Best Sites to Learn More

United States Department of Labor: Office of Compliance Assistance Policy: Retirement Benefits
Overview of Laws and Regulations governing retirement plans

Small Business Administration and Nationwide Financial: Online Guide to Retirement Plan Management
Guide includes basic information, how to manage a retirement plan, and glossary.

IRS: Tax Information for Plan Sponsor/Employer
Site gives information for employers and includes links to IRS forms, publications and newsletters.

401k Help Center.com
Resource site for retirement plan sponsors, small business owners and plan participants. This site gathers together significant 401k resources and information from across the internet and puts it in one place.

BuyerZone.com: 401K Benefits
Site includes basic information, articles, and links to 401k providers.

About.com: 401k
These 401k resources will help you learn more about contribution limits, rollover procedures and eligibility, matching contributions by employers, and retirement planning.

Best Blogs and Forums

401k Help Center.com
Forum discussing all aspects of 401k retirement plans.

Kiplinger's.com: Retirement Forum
Discusses various aspects of 401k and other retirement options.

Fairmark Forum
Questions and comments about IRAs, 401k accounts, social security, and other forms of retirement savings and benefits.

Roth IRA forum
Discusses Roth IRAs

Benefits Link 401k Plans
Discussion forum about 401k Plans



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