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Greg Brown

Guide to Establishing Internal Financial Controls

How to give yourself a full view of your company's financial picture

By Greg Brown

Sales are going great guns. Operations are humming. Your partners are thrilled. But that gnawing feeling keeps you awake nights: Will cash flow stay steady? Is payroll on time? What if things slow down?

Getting financial controls right means knowing the answers to these questions and more, day to day, even minute to minute if needed. Obtaining a 360-degree view of your company will give you the information you need to take bold decisions.



Action Steps
The best contacts and resources to help you get it done


Check your processes first

Short of being a CPA, it's rare that small business owners adequately track what's going on in their own company — until they grow, but by then it's hard to start.
I recommend: The U.S. Small Business Administration has an online checklist of essential internal controls. Copedia offers spreadsheets predesigned for tracking financials within a small business. Bizmanuals sells a soft-cover book that comes with a CD of controls templates.

A shrink-wrapped box from the office store could save your company

Many thousands of small companies find off-the-shelf software running on a PC is enough – learned in a few weekends or with the help of a part-time bookkeeper – to move from shoebox accounting to tracking, reporting and less stress at tax time.
I recommend: By far the most popular software at this level has been QuickBooks. Intuit, the publisher of QuickBooks, maintains a free training site, too.

Getting into the (sort of) big leagues

If you've longed moved on from a handful of spreadsheets, and especially if you have multiple offices or several managers empowered to make financial calls, it makes sense to consider what is now called enterprise resource management (ERP) software.
I recommend: Oracle, SAP, Sage, Microsoft, Intacct, Everest and NetSuite all sell small to medium-sized business versions of their accounting and controls software. Often, it can be Web-based — no need to buy servers!

Send it out completely

Payroll processing companies have moved upstream into tracking all manner of compliance and controls, including hiring (and firing), benefits, retirement and so on.
I recommend: Among the largest of these service providers is ADP.

Tips & Tactics
Helpful advice for making the most of this Guide

  • Do not fall into the trap of trying to be your own full-time accountant. If what you bring to the table is management skills or sales flair, hire a data entry person and ask your CPA to periodically review the work.
  • Financial and other controls (like HR or benefits) can be very important for proving your intent later in a court of law — if necessary. Keep permanent copies off site.
  • Here's an incentive: Clear records can help you make your case for better credit terms, particularly with banks that lend only reluctantly to small businesses.
  • Considering issuing shares or seeking venture capital? Then your needs are far more complex thanks to post-Enron regulations known as Sarbanes-Oxley, or SOX. Call in professionals if you think an IPO is a serious possibility, and hire an experienced chief financial officer soon.
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Recommended Solution Providers

9001Resource.com: Internal Auditor Training
A company that sells training software and documentation for internal audit training.

Excel Partnership: Business Process Improvement
This company does consulting work in all areas of process management, including internal auditing.

The 9000 Store: ISO 9001 Internal Audit Checklist, Procedure and Forms
A corporation that sells internal audit training software. The site also provides links basic guides and other resources.

Pentana Audit Software: Audit Software, Data Analysis & Resource Planning Software
This corporation sells software for internal auditing to a global customer base.

Best Sites to Learn More

OCEG Online
Nonprofit that uniquely seeks to help organizations drive performance by enhancing corporate culture and integrating governance, risk management, and compliance processes.

Internal Audit: Resources for Internal Auditors
This page is a wealth of free resources on internal auditing.

American Accounting Association
A non-profit industry group with a significant amount of free information on internal auditing practices.

IT Audit: The Institute of Internal Auditors
A site that is dedicated to information technology news & resources particular to internal auditing.

Auditing; Fraud Examination
A lengthy list of links and resources relating to internal auditing reside on this page.

COSO
Another non-profit organization that provides news and information on internal auditing.

Internal Auditing Benchmarking Association
A non-profit group that provides resources that focus on internal auditing benchmarking metrics and techniques.

AllBusiness.com: Internal Auditing (Laws, regulations and rules) Business Articles
A large collection of articles on internal auditing, from a site that focuses on small business.

Best Blogs and Forums

Internal Auditing Blog
This blog focuses on internal auditing by providing news and answers to questions posed by the readers.



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