Vacuum Pumps Key Terms

Learn the different types of vacuum pumps to decide which one you need

By Shannon Tani

Vacuum pumps offer a number of practical industrial uses for companies. However, if you are just starting to learn about these pumps, you may have a hard time understanding the difference between the various styles. Knowing when you need positive-displacement pumps and when you need a turbo molecular pump, for example, is vital. Take the time to learn the basics before you go out shopping so that you can be sure that you are purchasing the right pump for your business.

Positive-displacement (PD) pumps

In a positive-displacement pump, the device takes in liquid or gas from one area then seals off the area and dispels the liquid or gas out the other end.
Try: Pump School explains positive-displacement pumps.

Turbo molecular pumps

Turbo molecular pumps, sometimes called momentum transfer pumps, usually force a liquid or gas out using high speed rotating blades. Some turbo molecular pumps use a dense liquid to expel the liquid or gas.
Try: At Electronic Product News, you can view a sample of a turbo molecular pump.

Cryopump

A cryopump is a popular option. It uses a cold surface to trap various gasses. However, it does not work for all types of gasses, so you should double check which gas you need to remove before making a purchase. Cryopumps are sometimes used to block things that may cause contamination.
Try: Learn more about cryopumps from PTB-Sales.com.

Screw pump

A screw pump has an internal mechanism shaped like a screw that is used to create the vacuum action.
Try: Leistritz produces screw pumps and includes information about some of their features.

Ion pumps

If you are looking for a low-maintenance pump option for gasses, consider an ion pump. It uses ionization to remove gas from the chamber by turning it into a solid. Ion pumps do not have moving parts.
Try: Varian sells ion pumps and offers information and photos on their website.

Dry scroll pumps

Dry scroll pumps have an inner mechanism that looks like a scroll. They are called "dry" because they do not use oil, which makes for a cleaner pump. Dry scroll pumps are also convenient because they are so compact yet powerful enough to work for many applications.
Try: Visit Ted Pella, Inc. to see examples of dry scroll pumps.